Project-Based Learning in the Early Years

Project-based learning involves teaching through engaging topics that allow the integration of meaningful learning in all content areas while also supporting development across multiple domains. A project approach has been defined by Katz and Chard (1989) as an in-depth study of a topic by either an individual child, group of children or an entire class. Students and teachers together will determine the topic that they will investigate, resources they will use, and the manner in which their learning will be displayed. The project approach is of immense benefit to children because it encourages them to actively seek knowledge. This might entail them to interact with people in the community, environment and seek out other resources. This will encourage the children’s ability to be independent, be motivated and increase their self-esteem. The project approach has immense benefits to teachers too in terms of them pointing the children in the right direction to explore and freeing the teachers to provide more individualized instruction. The project approach also challenges teachers because each group of children will have different ideas and suggestions for the project. Katz and Chard (1989) have identified three phases in the life of a project. The first phase is the initial phase during which the teacher assesses the knowledge level of the children in the particular area, then the children and the teacher develop the questions that they would like to investigate. During the developmental phase the teacher guides the children to gain direct experience in the topic that they are investigating. During the concluding phase the teacher brings a closure to the project and the children share the knowledge they have gained through several creative methods. Whether project-based learning is being incorporated within an early childhood classroom or in a high school classroom, the definition of a project remains the same, “a project is an in-depth investigation of a real-world topic worthy of a student’s attention and effort.” I recently had the pleasure of introducing early childhood through Kindergarten teachers to project based learning during a professional staff development training. Teachers were given a brief overview of project-based learning and the positive outcomes of incorporating project-based learning in the early childhood classroom. I had chosen “Studying the Human Skeleton” as the theme to introduce teachers to project-based learning. During the training teachers were introduced to a wide-array of exploratory centers that could be incorporated within the classroom to investigate the human skeleton in-depth, additionally connections were made across the disciplines to include: art, engineering, physical education, math, reading and writing. The teachers really enjoyed the session, and it was evident by the end of the training session they had truly embraced project-based learning. The administrator of the school requested that each of the teachers submit a reflection piece after the training to summarize the training. They were also requested to incorporate a lesson from the training within their own classrooms. Teachers submitted written reflections as well as photos of the lessons. The teachers stated over and over again “how excited and engaged the students were” when they were engaged in in-depth explorations of the human skeleton. Teachers also stated “that they would re-design” existing lesson plans to be more project-based. The following photos were taken during the introductory Project-Based in the Early Years professional staff development training. For more information about scheduling professional staff development complete the Contact Form on the Contact Page.

Take It Apart STEM and Maker Challenge: Perfect for America Recycles Day

Have you ever met a child that did not like taking toys and gadgets apart? Probably not, we are all curious beings wondering what’s inside that household gadget or toy that makes it work. November 15th is America Recycles Day, take apart projects and challenges, reverse engineering and tinkering are perfect for introducing students of all ages to recycling, mechanical engineering, making, the repair culture, 21st century skills and more. During my STEM, STEAM and MakerEd professional staff development trainings I introduce teachers to incorporating tinkering, reverse engineering and deconstruction challenges. The teachers truly enjoy analyzing a gadget and then taking it all apart, they all agree that incorporating tinkering and a take-apart center within their K-12 classroom or library makerspace is totally doable with little effort. During the STEM, STEAM and MakerED trainings I have teachers analyze the gadgets thoroughly before deconstructing the gadget. They must also label all the parts, and figure out what the parts do. If they have no clue as to what the parts are and what their functions are, they are encouraged to use books such as How Things Work etc. and then proceed to conducting internet searches. The teachers are asked to affix the components onto poster board, cardboard etc. Each group is asked to share what they learned about the gadget with their peers. An extension to the challenge is to design and create a new gadget using components of the deconstructed gadget and/or make art pieces from the components. Introducing students of all ages to the practice of taking apart a broken or out-dated gadget will help students to understand many aspects of engineering, improving technology, materials science, science and engineering practices and more. Of course what excites teachers is that incorporating reverse engineering, i.e., take apart challenges and centers within the classroom and or library makerspace is relatively cheap or free aside from the initial investment of small hand tools and safety goggles etc. required to take apart object. The following photos were taken during STEM classes I’ve conducted for VPK students as well as teachers undertaking reverse engineering and maker challenges during STEM, STEAM and MakerEd professional staff development trainings I’ve conducted. For more information about America Recycles Day check out the following website https://americarecyclesday.org/ . For more information about the STEM, STEAM, MakerEd and Next Generation Science Standards professional staff development trainings I offer worldwide, year-round check out the description pages found on this website.